The scheme will try a edition of second _ general knowledge in 2009 to make a diagnosis in first type H1N1 influenza

The scheme will try a edition of second _ general knowledge in 2009 to make a diagnosis in first type H1N1 influenza
In March of 2009, Mexico will break out " people are infected with pig's influenza " Epidemic situation, and spread in the world rapidly. This influenza is a new kind of respiratory tract infectious diseases, its etiology is new first type H1N1 influenza virus, include pig's influenza, bird flu and three kinds of genetic fragments of influenza virus of people's influenza in the virus gene. World Health Organization (WHO) Call this kind of influenza as initially " People are infected with pig's influenza " ,And then name it as again " First type H1N1 influenza " . On June 11, WHO claims warn the rank to it is 6 grades to promote influenza largely and prevailingly.
The scheme is on the basis of first scheme of making a diagnosis announced on May 8 to originally make a diagnosis, making a diagnosis in world recently in basis, the summary materials of research and nearly 300 first type H1N1 influenza cases of hinterland of our country were revised. Because such first type H1N1 influenza is that one kind sends disease newly, its law of disease still waits to further observe and study.
First, aetiology
First type H1N1 influenza virus is belonging to and glueing the virus department ( 0rthomyxoviridae) ,First type influenza virus belongs to (Influenza virus A) . The typical virus particle takes the form of ball, the diameter is 80nm-120nm, have membrane of bag. There is a lot of projection glycoprotein arranged radially, including erythrocyte hemagglutinin (HA) on the membrane of bag , neural amino acid enzyme (NA) With the ground substance albumen M2. In the virus particle is a nuclear clothing shell, spiral in shape and symmetrical, the diameter is 10nm. Defeated by the chain RNA virus for single burst, the genome is about 13.6kb, made up of 8 independent passages not of uniform size. The virus is sensitive to daily disinfectant such as ethanol, iodine bending over, iodine tincture; To hot and sensitive, can deactivate in 30 minutes under 56 terms.
Second, epidemiology
(1) Infect the source.
First type patient, influenza of H1N1, and have the infeted of symptom in order to mainly infect the source. Though pig has discovered first type H1N1 influenza virus in the body, does not had evidenced that indicate the animal is in order to infect the source yet at present.
(2) Propagate the route.
Mainly transmit through respiratory tract through the droplets or aerosol, can also be through mucous membrane of place such as oral cavity, nasal cavity, eyes are direct or mediate contact is propagated. Contact the patient's respiratory tract secretion, humoral and may also cause and spread by the articles that the virus pollute.
(3) More easily infected group.
Crowds generally exchange the sense.
Relevant service
Symptom and preventing of the first type H1N1 influenza Symptom of bird flu behaves and prevents from treating
Prevent influenza
Third, clinical manifestation and auxiliary examination
Incubation period is generally 1-7 days, are mostly 1-3 days.
(1) Clinical manifestation.
Usually shown as influenza is one kind of symptoms, the tears including generating heat, coughing, swallowing and aching, coughing up phlegm, flowing, having a stuffy nose, having a headache, aching, weak all over. Some cases vomit and/or suffer from diarrhoea. About 10% of the cases do not generate heat.
Physical sign mainly including the swallowing department congests and the tonsil is swelling.
Complications such as pneumonia,etc. can happen. A few case conditions develop fast, it is not complete or depleted to appear and breathe the depleted, many internal organs function.
Patient's original basic disease can also be brought out and become more serious, corresponding clinical manifestation appears.
The serious one can cause the death.
(2) Check in the laboratory.
1.The peripheral blood is alike: The total number of leucocytes seldom or reduce high.
2.Blood biochemistry: Hypokalemia disease appears in some cases, amino acid amino transferase rise in winter in third amino acid amino transferase of a few cases, Tianmen.
3.Aetiology is checked:
( 1) The virus nuclear acid is measured: With RT-PCR (you had better adopt real-time RT-PCR) France measures the respiratory tract sample ' Swallowing the swab, oral cavity includes and gargles the liquid, nasopharyngeal or trachea to collect thing, phlegm) The first type H1N1 influenza virus core of middle sour, the result is positive.
( 2) The virus is separated: Can isolate first type H1N1 influenza virus in the respiratory tract sample. The lung can isolate this virus while organizing while amalgamating viral pneumonia.
4.Serology is checked: The first type H1N1 influenza virus specificity of serum of dynamic detection neutralizes the antibody level and presents 4 times or more than 4 times and rises.
(3) The chest image learns to check.
Can see the flaky image in the lung while amalgamating pneumonia.
Fourth, diagnose
The diagnosis of this disease mainly combines epidemiology history, clinical manifestation and aetiology to check, find, diagnose early early it is the key to preventing and controlling and treating effectively.
(1) Suspected case.
Can diagnose as suspected case while according with one of the following situations:
1.A first type H1N1 influenza case of contagion in 7 days before the persons who keep in close touch have illness coming on, and a kind of clinical manifestation of influenza appears.
Person who keep in close touch mean in adopt, protect the intersection of contagion and issues of first type the intersection of H1N1 and the intersection of influenza and crowd of case under the situation effectively, include specifically: Diagnose, treat or attend to, visit the personnel of the first type H1N1 influenza case; Personnel living together, working with the case; Have contacted the respiratory tract secretion of the case, humoral personnel.
2.Been first type H1N1 influenza prevail in the 7 day before the onset ' Appear lasting human world of virus propagate with based on community's level prevalence and break out) Country or area,it is there is H1N1 influenza prevailing communities first type clearly to if you can't include, been too, a kind of clinical manifestation of influenza appears.
3.Appear a kind of clinical manifestation of influenza, first type influenza virus finds the masculine gender, but the one that further found and got rid of existing previously is inferior type.
(2) Make a definite diagnosis of the case.
A kind of clinical manifestation of influenza appears, one or several kinds following laboratories measure the result at the same time:
1.First type H1N1 influenza virus nuclear acid measures the masculine gender ' Can adopt real-time RT-PCR and RT-PCR method) .
2.Separate first type H1N1 influenza virus.
3.The specificity of serum first type H1N1 influenza virus neutralizes the antibody level and presents 4 times or more than 4 times and rises.


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